Abstract: In order to identify the influencing factors on flue-cured tobacco quality characteristics in typical ecological areas in Hubei Province, Measurement was conducted at 12 sites in Lichuan, Xuanen, Xianfeng, Fang and Xingshan counties of Hubei Province.Value of output, rate of first class tobacco, the chemical components of flue-cured tobacco, smoking quality indices and their determining factors were analyzed during 2011 and 2013 years.The results indicated that there were significant differences in the value of output and rate of first class tobacco among the five counties.Both remained leaf number and output value were significantly and positively related to amount of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer applied.The rate of first class tobacco was significantly and positively related to basal application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.Aroma quality was significantly and positively related to content of total sugar and reducing sugar, but negatively related to nicotine content.Aroma quantity was very significantly and positively related to total nitrogen content, negatively related to nicotine content, and very negatively related to ratio of nitrogen to nicotine.Chemical components and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco in these five counties changed greatly.Flue-cured tobacco in Lichuan, Xuanen and Xianfeng counties had the nut-like flavor and Wuling mountain local specialty.Flue-cured tobacco in Fang and Xingshan counties had bean-like flavor of Qingba mountains local specialty.