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    美国烟草种植与环境保护的启示

    Revelation on Tobacco Production and Environmental Protection in U.S.A.

    • 摘要: 美国植烟生态条件优越,以产出优质烟叶著称.介绍了美国烟叶的规模种植现状、品种选育要求与流程、机械化采收方式、密集烘烤模式、烟叶分级收购及工业利用,归纳了美国农业生产中3S技术应用、水资源保护和利用措施、绿色防控和有机烟叶生产等成功做法.指出我国未来烟叶生产应在重视品种和烟叶成熟度,持续提升机械化水平,提高规模化种植和专业化服务水平,深化前沿技术研究和技术推广体系建设,转变密集烘烤作业方式,推进工业配方和烟叶使用理念转变等方面借鉴发达国家的成熟经验.

       

      Abstract: With the incomparable natural ecological conditions, the tobacco production in U.S.A. showed a high level with concentrated and scaled cultivation. Although the tobacco production management in U.S.A. is extensive, its nutrition regulation and maturity level control, variety evaluation and mechanized harvesting, big box bulk flue-curing are worth for tobacco production in our country to learn from. Meanwhile, Some practices in the agricultural production are also worth learning, such as 3S technology application, water resources protection and utilization measures, green pest control and organic tobacco production. In the future tobacco production, we should pay attention to cultivated varieties and leaf maturity grade, enhance the level of mechanization production, promote scaled cultivation and professional services, deepen the research in frontier technology, accelerate the construction of technology extension system, change the operation mode of bulk flue-curing, promote industrial formulation and concept change in tobacco usage.

       

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