Abstract: The purpose of this study was sustainable utilization of tobacco floating seedling substrates.Decayed wheat straw,perlite and vermiculite were applied in the medium of tobacco float seeding system with 100% commercial peat as control.The results indicated that the bulk density of 75% wheat straw+12.5% perlite+12.5% vermiculite and 70% wheat straw+15% perlite+15% vermiculite were 0.194 g/cm³ and 0.184 g/cm³.The total porosity of the two treatments was higher than 70% which meets the tobacco floating seedling matrix standard.The seedling emergence rates were 95.23% and 95.87%,respective.Dry weight,fresh weight,root number,stem height and stem diameter were significantly higher than other treatments.The chlorophyll content and root activity of these two treatments were 10.61%,7.82% and 68.75%,54.86% higher than the commercial matrix.The medium of decayed wheat straw has reached the requirements of the conventional breeding.The conclusion is that substituting peat with decayed wheat straw was feasible,and the cost was lower.