Abstract: In order to find out the suitable tillage methods in Jiangxi typical tobacco-growing areas, and to improve the soil physical and chemical properties in tobacco-producing areas, a field trial was carried out in the rice-tobacco rotation area of Jiangxi Province. The results showed that in the 5-10 cm soil layer, straw returning significantly reduced soil bulk density, increased soil total porosity, capillary porosity and aeration porosity; in the 20-25 cm soil layer, deep tillage and straw returning significantly reduced soil bulk density and significantly increased soil aeration porosity. Deep tillage significantly reduced the penetration resistance of the soil and straw returning to the field increased the proportion of large aggregates of soil by increasing the content of aggregates ≥2 mm in 5-10 cm soil layer. Deep tillage and straw returning increased the dry matter content of tobacco root, stem and leaf, and promoted the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The effects of deep tillage and deep tillage combined with straw returning were more significant than the other treatments. Deep tillage and straw returning significantly increased tobacco yield, output value and total tobacco smoking score. In Jiangxi Province, it is a feasible technical measure to improve tobacco planting soil and tobacco yield and quality by deep ploughing soil with disk plow combined with rice straw returning.