Abstract: In order to explore the differences of microbial community structure of alcoholized cigar leaves from different areas, 7 groups of cigar tobacco leaves from 6 different areas were tested by high-throughput DNA sequencing and microbiology analysis. The results showed that the richness of bacterial community was higher than that of fungal community in the samples. Although there were differences in species richness and community structure among the sample flora, the samples from different areas can still be clustered according to the similarity of the main flora abundance. In terms of bacteria, the community structure of the samples in Dehong and Yuxi, Yunnan is the most similar to that of Brazilian tobacco, and the main common and relatively abundant bacterial groups are Staphylococcus, Atopostipes, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas and Brevibacterium. In terms of fungi, the samples of Yuxi and Dehong are the closest to those of Brazil and Dominica. The common and abundant fungal groups among them are one genus of Aspergillaceae, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Wallemia and Cladosporium. These microorganisms may have a positive effect on the decomposition of macromolecular organic compounds in tobacco.