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    不同药剂引发对烤烟种子萌发和幼苗低温响应的影响

    Effects of Different Chemicals on Seed Germination and Seedling Response to Low Temperature of Flue-cured Tobacco

    • 摘要: 为更好地提高烟草催芽种子质量,提升幼苗素质培育壮苗,以中烟100和中川208为试验材料,研究了不同浓度的赤霉素(GA3)和生防菌剂“海益农”浸种引发处理对种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、幼苗最长根长、最大叶面积、幼苗根干(鲜)质量、地上部分干(鲜)质量、抗氧化酶及丙二醛等指标的影响。结果表明,赤霉素对中烟100和中川208浸种引发的最适浓度分别是100 mg/L和50 mg/L,而“海益农”浸种引发的最适浓度则分别是2 g/L和1 g/L。赤霉素和“海益农”的大多数处理对两个烟草品种幼苗的生长都具有显著促进作用。采用隶属函数法对种子萌发指标和幼苗生长指标进行综合评价,从促进种子萌发和培育壮苗的角度,对中烟100促进作用最好的处理为赤霉素200 mg/L,其次为“海益农”1 g/L;而对中川208促进作用最好的处理为“海益农”1 g/L,其次为“海益农”20 g/L。对低温胁迫下幼苗叶片MDA和抗氧化酶活性的综合评价结果表明,提高中烟100耐冷能力的最好处理为“海益农”2 g/L,其次为赤霉素100 mg/L;提高中川208耐冷能力的最好处理为赤霉素100 mg/L,其次为“海益农”8 g/L。综上,不同烟草品种种子萌发、幼苗提壮和抗冷害效果达到最佳时,所使用的引发药剂种类和浓度不同,在生产中需要根据实际情况灵活选择使用。

       

      Abstract: In order to improve the quality of germinated tobacco seeds and enhance the quality of seedlings, the Zhongyan100 and Zhongchuan208 were used as experimental materials to investigate the effects of gibberellin (GA3) with the different concentrations and the biocontrol agent "Haiyinong" treatment on seed germination potential, germination rate, germination index, seedling root length, maximum leaf area, seedling root dry (fresh) weight, dry (fresh) weight of above-ground part, antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde content. The results showed that the optimal concentrations for Zhongyan100 and Zhongchuan208 were GA3 100 mg/L and 50 mg/L, Haiyinong 2 g/L and 1 g/L, respectively. Most treatments of GA3 and Haiyinong significantly promoted the growth of seedlings of both two tobacco varieties. The seed germination index and seedling growth index were evaluated by membership function method. From the perspective of promoting seed germination and breeding strong seedlings, the best treatment for Zhongyan100 was GA3 200 mg/L, followed by Haiyinong 1g/L. The best treatment for promoting Zhongchuan208 was Haiyinong 1g/L, followed by Haiyinong 20g/L. The results of comprehensive evaluation of MDA and antioxidant enzyme activities in seedling leaves under low temperature stress showed that Haiyinong 2 g/L was the best treatment to improve the cold tolerance of Zhongyan100, followed by 100 mg/L of GA3. The best treatment to improve the cold resistance of Zhongchuan208 was GA3 100 mg/L, followed by Haiyinong 8 g/L. In summary,the types and concentrations of the initiator, which had the best effects on seed germination, seedling strengthening and anti-chilling effect of different tobacco varieties, are different, and the use of initiator should be flexibly selected according to the actual situation in the actual production.

       

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