Abstract: The parentage of 134 Chinese flue-cured tobacco varieties was analyzed. The results showed that Tengxianjinxing, special 400, Mammoth Gold were three main parents systems before 1980s, and 75% of varieties selected in this stage contained these three parent systems; G28, K326, NC89, Honghuadajinyuan, and Jingyehuang were main parent systems after 1980s, and 70.4% of varieties selected in this stage contained these five main parent systems. The breeding for high quality and disease resistance flue-cured tobacco varieties were mainly based on the varieties introduced from USA. At present, Chinese flue-cured tobacco varieties accounts for 80% of the total planting areas, which changed the situation of depending on introduced varieties in 1980s and 1990s. However, the shortage of cultivation varieties and genetic basis is still a very serious problem. In this article, not only the parentage and cultivation situation of Chinese flue-cured tobacco varieties were analyzed, but also the future breeding work of flue-cured tobacco was discussed.