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    安康烟区植烟土壤养分分类及施肥对策

    Nutrient Classification of Tobacco Soils and Fertilization in Ankang

    • 摘要: 以安康烟区74个村的植烟土壤养分为数据源,运用系统聚类分析法对植烟土壤进行分类,并按照测土配方施肥方法计算各类植烟土壤的理论施肥量。结果表明:(1)安康烟区植烟土壤可分为4类,各类在有机质、碱解氮、速效磷含量以及速效钾含量上均有明显差异。(2)根据李志宏对我国植烟土壤养分状况的评价标准,安康烟区的4类植烟土壤,第①类4种土壤养分含量均低;第②类土壤有机质含量适宜,碱解氮含量较高,其他均低;第③类土壤有机质含量较低,速效钾含量较高,其他均低;第④类4种土壤养分含量均较高。根据各类土壤养分供给状况,计算了4类植烟土壤对4种肥料的理论需求量。(3)从地理分布来看,第①、③类植烟土壤主要分布在旬阳县和白河县,第②类主要分布在平利县,第④类主要在旬阳县和平利县。旬阳县、白河县、石泉县50%以上的植烟村庄属于第③类,平利县58.33%的植烟村庄属于第②类。

       

      Abstract: Cluster analysis was employed to classify tobacco soils in Ankang basing on the soil nutrient data from 74 villages, and the fertilizer rates were calculated for each group of soil in term of formulated fertilization. The results showed that tobacco soils in 74 villages could be clustered into 4 groups with definite diversity in contents of organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. According to the evaluation standard of Li zhihong on nutritional status of tobacco soil in China, the four kinds of soil nutrition contents in the first cluster were low, while in the second cluster, the contents of soil organic matter was suitable, and the available nitrogen was high, others were low. In the third cluster, the content of soil organic matter was lower, and the contents of available potassium was higher, others were low. In the fourth cluster, four kinds of nutrient were higher. According to nutritional status of tobacco soil in different clusters, the expected dose rate of tobacco soil in different clusters was calculated. From the perspective of geographic distribution, the first and the third cluster were mainly in Xunyang and Baihe, the second was mainly in Pingli, the fourth was mainly in Xunyang and Pingli. Over 50 percent of villages belonged to the third cluster in Xunyang, Baihe and Shiquan, 58.33 percent of villages belonged to the second cluster in Pingli county. Basing on the different fertility characteristics in four clusters of tobacco soils, fertilizing schemes were designed.

       

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