Abstract: The effects of 5 types of humectants (xylitol, sorbitol, propanediol, glycerin and aloe polysaccharide) on the upper and lower epidermis and the section of tobacco leaf were analyzed by environmental scanning electron microscope (XL30-ESEM) technology to investigate the changes of tobacco surface microstructure after humectants were added. The results showed that all of the five humectants significantly increased moisture content in tobacco. The surface grooves of tobacco changed after addition of humectants, in which the groove texture area ratio of C2F samples significantly increased after treated on its upper epidermis. The stomata guard cells of the samples significantly broaden, expect lower epidermises of the samples that treated by sorbitol and aloe polysaccharide. Propanediol, glycerin and xylitol had significant influence on the narrow of stomata width and decrease of average stomata area. The thickness of tobacco section after treated with humectants was significantly higher than the contrast. Overall, propanediol and glycerin had larger effects on the tobacco leaf surface micro-structure, followed by sorbitol, xylitolaloe and polysaccharide.