Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of the potassium-rich soil conditioners on the topdressing during cultivation hilling of flue-cured tobacco production. In this study mineral potash (hydrothermal method), mineral potash (calcination method) and wood peat derived potassium humate were used to replace part of KNO₃ or K₂SO₄ on the topdressing. Their effects on the contents of pH, K in flue-cured tobacco root zone and the adventitious root, biomass and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that soil pH of tobacco root zone, adventitious roots and aboveground biomass of tobacco plants were significantly improved after topdressing the type of potassium rich soil conditioners during cultivation hilling. The effect was mineral potash (hydrothermal method) > wood peat derived potassium humate > mineral potash (calcination method). Topdressing mineral potash (hydrothermal method), wood peat derived potassium humate could significantly improve the available K, slow-release K content of soil and potassium contents of the middle, lower leaves'. Compared with the control, the content of available K was increased by 13.55% and 12.10% at 0-15 cm soil horizon, the content of slow-release K was increased by 19.73% and 18.90% at 15-30 cm soil horizon, the content of potassium in the middle with lower leaves was increased by 21.58% and 15.68%, and the nicotine content in the middle and lower leaves of mineral potash (hydrothermal method) was decreased by 21.47% and 17.02%. The conclusion is that topdressing mineral potash (hydrothermal method), wood peat derived potassium humate before cultivation hilling can improve the ability of tobacco soil in maintaining potassium, improve soil acidification, increase tobacco adventitious root and biomass, and improve the quality of tobacco.