抗青枯内生细菌的筛选及其对烟草青枯病的防治效果

姜乾坤; 彭阁; 王瑞; 谭军; 邸慧慧; 向必坤; 赵秀云; 彭五星; 董善余

doi:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2017.05.003

抗青枯内生细菌的筛选及其对烟草青枯病的防治效果

Selection of Endophytic Antagonistic Bacteria for Control of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt

摘要

摘要: 烟草青枯病是由青枯雷尔氏菌引起的一种土传细菌性烟草病害，主要危害烟草的根茎，严重影响烟草的产量。从青枯病发病田健康烟株分离内生细菌55个，通过平板拮抗实验筛选，R-3、R-7、R-9菌株对青枯雷尔氏菌有明显的拮抗作用。gyrB基因序列分析表明，R-3、R-7、R-9均为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌（Bacillus velezensis）。3个菌株的发酵液经115℃高温处理均能保持对青枯雷尔氏菌的抑制活性，说明3株贝莱斯芽胞杆菌可产生耐高温的抑菌物质。田间试验结果表明，R-3、R-7和R-9均可长期定殖于烟草根和茎中，对青枯病的防治效果分别为55.72%、48.34%和50.71%。

Abstract: Tobacco bacterial wilt is a soil-borne bacterial disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which is mainly harmful to the roots and stems of tobacco and seriously affects tobacco yield. Fifty-five endophytic bacterial strains were isolated from healthy tobacco planted in diseased soils. Among them, strains R-3, R-7 and R-9 had obvious antagonistic effects on R. solanacearum in plate antagonistic experiments. Based on gyrB gene sequence, R-3, R-7 and R-9 all belong to Bacillus velezensis. After heated at 115℃, the liquid fermentation of the 3 strains still had antibacterial activities, indicating that these strains produced heat resistant substances. Field experiments showed that R-3, R-7 and R-9 were all able to chronically colonize in the root and stem of tobacco, and their control efficiency against bacterial wilt were 55.72%, 48.34% and 50.71%, respectively.

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