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    抑芽剂残留在烟草种植、储存和燃吸过程的降解与风险评价

    Degradable Characterization and Risk Assessment of Suckercides Residues in Tobacco Leaves

    • 摘要: 为明确合理使用条件下抑芽剂农药残留水平与控制烟叶中农药残留的关键措施,采用气相色谱检测技术,系统研究了烟叶中二甲戊灵、仲丁灵和氟节胺3种常用抑芽剂在田间生长和储存过程中农药残留降解规律及燃吸过程的转移率。结果表明,二甲戊灵、仲丁灵和氟节胺在鲜烟叶中的理论半衰期分别为2.1~5.9 d、5.2~12.2 d、3.3~5.2 d,在干烟叶储存过程中理论半衰期分别为173~495 d、192~462 d、216~533 d,且呈现原始浓度偏高,半衰期偏长的趋势。在燃吸过程中,3种抑芽剂由烟叶到烟气的迁移率分别为8.5%~14.6%、16.7%~21.0%、13.3%~13.7%,低浓度处理迁移率稍高。总之,按照推荐剂量合理使用农药,烟叶中抑芽剂残留量远低于CORESTA农药残留限量要求。烟草田间生长阶段规范使用抑芽剂、延长安全间隔期,是控制烟叶抑芽剂残留的关键措施。

       

      Abstract: In order to study the suckercides residue level of normative application on tobacco leaves and find the key points of control pesticide residues, a modified gas chromatography method was developed for suckercide residues detection of dlibutalin, flumetralin and pendimethalin with series of samples during planting stage, storage process and smoking process in tobacco leaves. The results showed that the standard curves, the quantitative limits and the recoveries met the requirements of validation. The half-lives of pendimethalin, butralin and flumetralin in fresh leaves in planting process were 2.1-5.9 d, 5.2-12.2 d, 3.3-5.2 d, and those in cured tobacco leaves in storage process were 173-495 d, 192-462 d, 216-533 d, respectively. The half-lives of suckercides expressed the characteristic of the higher original concentration, the longer half-life. In the process of smoking, the migration rates of suckercides from tobacco leaves to main smoking were 8.5%-14.6%, 16.7%-21.0%, 13.3%-13.7%, with the higher transfer rates in lower concentration. And the conclusion was that with the recommended dose of rational application of suckercides in tobacco planting, the suckercide residues were lower than GRLs of CORESTA, standardize the rational application and length the safety interval were rather than the natural degradation in storage process to control the suckercide residues.

       

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