不同农艺措施对烟田土壤真菌群落结构和功能的影响

娄俊鑫; 刘泓; 沈少君; 冯芷菡; 何冬冬; 吴树松; 陈炜; 江桂花; 常鹏飞; 彭国华

doi:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2020.01.006

不同农艺措施对烟田土壤真菌群落结构和功能的影响

1. 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350000;
2. 福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司, 福建龙岩 364000

基金项目:

福建省烟草公司科技项目“烟田高温灭菌替代除草剂技术开发应用研究”（2019350000240004）、“套餐式全元功能烟草肥料的研制与应用”（2019350000240149）

详细信息

作者简介:
娄俊鑫(1995-),女,在读硕士,研究方向为土壤学。E-mail:1659335616@qq.com。

通讯作者:
沈少君,E-mail:26356139@qq.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-07-14
- 修回日期: 2019-11-27
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-30
- 刊出日期: 2020-02-27

Effects of Different Agronomic Measures on the Structure and Function of Soil Fungi Community in Tobacco Fields

1. College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China;
2. Longyan Tobacco Company of Funjian Province, Longyan, Fujian 364000, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解除草剂、地膜及高温火焰处理等农艺措施对土壤真菌群落及功能的影响，利用高通量测序技术及FUNGuild功能预测方法分析了不同处理烟田土壤真菌群落组成和功能特性。研究共设置7个处理，分别为：对照（CK）、施除草剂+覆盖地膜处理（T1）、单施除草剂处理（T2）、单覆盖地膜处理（T3）、覆盖地膜+中档火焰处理（T4）、中档火焰处理（T5）和高档火焰处理（T6）。结果表明，供试土壤真菌群落主要由担子菌门、子囊菌门和被孢霉门构成，不同农艺措施对土壤α多样性指数无显著影响，但对真菌属丰度和真菌群落结构影响显著。与对照相比，覆盖地膜和中、高档火焰处理的土壤中病理营养型真菌丰度显著降低，烤烟患真菌病害的风险下降；施除草剂的土壤中烤烟真菌病害的发病风险下降，但由于土壤腐生真菌的减少，不利于土壤有机质的分解。
- 土壤 /
- 真菌群落 /
- 除草剂 /
- 地膜 /
- 高温火焰
Abstract: In order to find out the effects of different agronomic measures such as herbicide, mulch and megathermal flame on soil fungal community and function, high-throughput sequencing and FUNGuild were used to analyze the soil fungal community structure and functional groups under different agronomic measures. There were seven treatments, including control (CK; no herbicide, no mulching film and no megathermal flame treatment), apply herbicide + mulching film treatment (T1), apply herbicide treatment (T2), mulching film treatment (T3), mulching film + mid-range firepower flame treatment (T4), mid-range firepower flame treatment (T5) and high-grade firepower flame treatment (T6). The results showed that the soil fungi community was mainly composed of Basidiomycea, Ascomycete and Mortierella. No significant effect on soil α diversity index was observed, but there was significant difference in fungal genus abundance and fungal community structure between different agronomic measures. Compared with the control, the abundance of pathotroph fungi was significantly reduced in the soil of mulching film treatment, mid-range firepower flame treatment and high-range firepower flame treatment, in which the risk of fungal diseases in tobacco decreased. As for the herbicide treatment, the risk of fungal diseases also decreased, but the reduction of saprotroph may lead to inhibited decomposition of soil organic matter.
- soil /
- fungal community /
- herbicide /
- mulch /
- megathermal flame

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