Abstract: In order to explore the effect of climate factors on the contents of potassium and chloride of flue-cured tobacco in eastern Hunan, the relationship between the contents of chlorine and potassium in flue-cured tobacco and the main climatic factors was analyzed from 2012 to 2018 in Chaling. During the field period of tobacco in Chaling, the average temperature was 23.0℃, ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature was 2909.5℃, the rainfall was 865.6 mm and sunshine hours were 529.5 h. The results showed that Chaling is a high-quality flue-cured tobacco cultivation area. From 2012 to 2018, the potassium content of all parts was in the appropriate range, and the content of chlorine in the middle and lower leaves was low in some years. The content of chlorine in the upper leaves was negatively correlated with the temperature, ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature, and ≥ 20℃ accumulated temperature during the picking period of upper leaves. Chlorine content in the middle leaves was positively correlated with the ≥ 20℃ accumulated temperature during the root spreading period, while potassium content was positively correlated with the ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature during the picking period of the lower leaves and the field period. Potassium content of the lower leaves was positively correlated with the temperature and ≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature during the root spreading period. There was no significant correlation however, between the contents of chlorine and potassium and the rainfall. Rain leaching may be the main reason for the low content of chloride ion in Chaling tobacco leaves, and increasing soil temperature at root extension stage can increase the content of potassium and chlorine in tobacco leaves.