Abstract: In order to clarify the genetic rules of plant height and leaf number traits of tobacco and explore the main effective loci controlling related traits, a BC1F1 population containing 200 individual plants was constructed by using Taiyan 8 (TT8) as the female parent (P1) and NC82 as the male parent (P2), and backcrossing TT8 as recurrent parent. The plant height and leaf number phenotypes were obtained by planting population materials in Sichuan and Shandong respectively. And then QTL mapping for plant height and leaf number traits was performed based on the high-density genetic map. The results showed that four major QTLs related to plant height and leaf number were located under two environmental conditions, which could explain 10%-20% of the phenotypic variation of the corresponding trait. At two environmental sites, two QTLs for leaf number traits were mapped, which were non-allelic and located on the 23 linkage group; three major QTLs for plant height traits were identified, including one in Sichuan was located on the 23 linkage group and two in Shandong were located on the 21 and 23 linkage groups respectively. The major loci of plant height located on the 23 linkage group in Shandong is consistent with that of the major QTL of leaf number. The related studies laid a foundation for further cloning the major genes controlling plant height and leaf number traits and molecular improvement of important agronomic traits in tobacco.