Abstract: In order to study the relationship between the appearance characters and chemical composition of cigar leaves, different varieties of cigar leaves in Hainan was graded according to appearance characters, tested the content of chemical composition of cigar leaves, then carry out statistical analysis on appearance characters and chemical composition of cigar leaves. The results showed that the content of total alkaloids potassium and alkaloid/sugar ratio played a leading role in different grads of cigar leaves; The correlations between total alkaloid content, potassium content, alkali sugar ratio, alkali potassium ratio and body oil and maturity in appearance characters are significantly at the 0.01 level; The correlations between leaf structure and potassium content and alkali sugar ratio are significantly at 0.05 level. The results of regression analysis showed that varieties body oil could reflect the changes of total alkaloid content, alkali potassium ratio and chloride ion content in tobacco leaves.