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    高温胁迫对红彩瑞猎蝽存活率及捕食作用的影响

    Effects of High Temperature Stress on the Survival and Functional Response of Rhynocoris fuscipes to the Larvae of Spodoptera litura

    • 摘要: 为探明高温条件下红彩瑞猎蝽耐受能力及对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的控害潜能,在室内测定了红彩瑞猎蝽经不同高温胁迫48 h后的卵孵化率,5龄若虫羽化率,3、4、5龄若虫和雌、雄成虫存活率,评估了红彩瑞猎蝽不同虫态在高温条件下24 h内对斜纹夜蛾3龄幼虫的捕食能力。结果表明,高温胁迫对红彩瑞猎蝽各虫态的存活率、卵孵化率和羽化率有显著影响,经42 ℃处理48 h后红彩瑞猎蝽雌成虫和5龄若虫的存活率最高,达66.67%;红彩瑞猎蝽存活率、卵孵化率和羽化率在27~33 ℃时随温度升高而增加,在33 ℃后均随着温度升高而降低,36 ℃后存活率、卵孵化率和羽化率均下降明显。红彩瑞猎蝽各虫态在30~33 ℃范围对斜纹夜蛾的捕食量和捕食效能随温度升高而增大,在33~39 ℃范围,捕食量和捕食效能随温度升高而降低,红彩瑞猎蝽各虫态对斜纹夜蛾的捕食功能反应类型符合Holling Ⅱ型,随着猎物密度的增加,对猎物的搜寻效应逐渐减弱,个体间存在竞争和相互干扰作用。可见红彩瑞猎蝽对高温逆境有一定的耐受能力,其适宜生存的高温范围为33~36 ℃。

       

      Abstract: To evaluate the survival and predation rate of the predatory bug Rhynocoris fuscipes against Spodoptera litura under high temperature stress, hatching rate of eggs, emergence rate of 5th nymphs, survival rate of different life stages of R. fuscipes were measured in the laboratory, after being subjected to high temperature stress at 30 ℃, 33 ℃, 36 ℃, 39 ℃ and 42 ℃ for 48 hours respectively. Daily prey consumption of different life stages of R. fuscipes on S. litura larvae at 30 ℃, 33 ℃, 36 ℃, and 39 ℃ respectively in 24 hours was recorded. The results showed that there was a significant effect of high temperature on survival, eclosion and egg hatching rate, also the prey consumption of R. fuscipes. The survival rate of female adults and 5th instar nymphs was 66.67% after 48 hours of high temperature stress at 42 ℃. Survival rate, egg hatching rate and eclosion rate increased with temperature from 27 ℃ to 33 ℃, and decreased gradually with the increase of temperature after 33 ℃. Survival rate, egg hatching rate, and eclosion rate all decreased significantly when the temperature exceeds 36 ℃. The predation efficiency of predation quantity decreases gradually with the increase of temperature in the range of 33-39 ℃. The predatory functional response type of different states of R. fuscipes to S. litura conforms to Holling II disc equations. The searching efficiency of R. fuscipes against S. litura larvae decreased with increasing prey density, and the predation amount and predation rate of R. fuscipes decreased gradually after the interference presented. The results showed that R. fuscipes has a certain tolerance to high temperature stress, and its suitable temperature range for survival is 33-36 ℃.

       

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