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    不同硃砂斑程度烟叶质量分析与糯米香预测模型构建

    Quality Analysis of Cherry-red Tobacco with Different Degree of Granular Red Dapples and Construction of Glutinous Rice Flavor Prediction Model

    • 摘要: 硃砂斑和糯米香是硃砂烟区别于普通烤烟的两大典型特征,为提升硃砂烟叶使用价值,解析糯米香风格特征,本文以云南硃砂2号烟叶为材料,测定分析3种不同硃砂斑程度烟叶的表观参数、常规化学成分、感官质量和致香成分,并基于感官质量中的糯米香得分和致香成分建立糯米香预测模型。结果表明,不同硃砂斑程度烟叶表观参数差异显著,随硃砂斑程度的提高,R值、G值、B值、H值和V值逐渐降低,S值逐渐升高。基于烟叶表观参数,利用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)技术可以预测硃砂斑程度,其中RG值和S值的VIP值最高,是判别硃砂斑程度的重要变量。常规化学分析结果表明,还原糖、钾和氯含量以硃砂斑程度较轻烟叶最高,总氮含量则以硃砂斑较重烟叶最高。感官分析及致香成分分析结果显示,硃砂斑程度越重,糯米香越彰显,而清香越弱。随硃砂斑程度的提高,3-羟基-2-丁酮、吡啶、面包酮等12种致香成分含量升高,3-(1-甲基乙基)(1H)吡唑3,4-b吡嗪含量降低。利用偏最小二乘回归分析(PLSR)筛选出了17种对糯米香贡献较高的致香成分,并以此建立了糯米香得分预测模型,模型的R2Y(cum)为0.877,模型效果较好。本研究初步揭示了不同硃砂斑程度烟叶的表观特征,并分析了硃砂斑程度对烟叶综合质量的影响,探索了糯米香程度影响因子,可有效指导不同硃砂斑程度烟叶的判别,为硃砂烟资源的高效利用提供参考。

       

      Abstract: Granular red dapple and glutinous rice flavor are two typical characteristics of cherry-red tobacco, which are different from traditional flue-cured tobacco. In order to improve the use value of cherry-red tobacco leaves and analyze the characteristics of glutinous rice flavor, Yunnan Zhusha2 was selected in this study for determination and analysis of the apparent parameters, conventional chemical components, sensory quality and aroma compounds of three kinds of cherry-red tobacco leaves with different degree of granular red dapple, and the prediction model of glutinous rice flavor was established based on sensory quality and aroma compounds. The results showed that the apparent parameters of tobacco leaves with different degree of granular red dapple were significantly different. With the increase of the degree of granular red dapple, R value, G value, B value, H value and V value gradually decreased, while S value gradually increased. Based on the apparent parameters of tobacco leaves, the degree of granular red dapple can be predicted by the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and the VIP value of R-G value and S value were the highest, which is an important variable to judge the degree of granular red dapple. The results of routine chemical analysis showed that the contents of reducing sugar, potassium and chlorine were the highest in the low degree of granular red dapples, while the content of total nitrogen was the highest in the high degree of granular red dapples. The results of sensory analysis and aroma components analysis showed that the more serious the granular red dapples were, the more obvious the glutinous rice flavor was, and the weaker the fresh flavor was. With the increase of granular red dapple degree, the contents of 12 aroma-inducing components such as 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, pyridine and 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran-3-one increased, while the contents of 1H-Pyrazolo3,4-bpyrazine, 3-methyl- decreased. 17 aroma-inducing components with high contribution to glutinous rice flavor were screened by partial least squares regression analysis (PLSR) , and a prediction model for glutinous rice flavor was established. The R2Y (cum) of the model was 0.877, indicating the model works well. In this study, the apparent characteristics of tobacco leaves with different degrees of granular red dapples were revealed, the effects of granular red dapple degree on the comprehensive quality of tobacco leaves were analyzed, and the factors affecting the flavor degree of glutinous rice were explored, which can effectively guide the discrimination of cherry-red tobacco with different granular red dapple degree and provide reference for the efficient utilization of cherry-red tobacco resources.

       

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