Abstract: Since 2005, the tobacco industry has implemented a series of policies aimed at benefiting farmers and strengthening agricultural development. To gain a deeper understanding of the effects of these policies, this study evaluated the effectiveness of tobacco planting subsidy and support policies and provides recommendations for improvement based on field research, interviews, and questionnaires conducted in 25 counties(districts, county-level cities) across 12 prefecture-level regions of 7 major tobacco-growing provinces in China. The results showed that the implementation of the tobacco planting subsidy and support policy has significantly improved tobacco planting and sales conditions, and the farmers have generally responded with high levels of awareness and satisfaction, with 95.35% of participating farmers being very or moderately familiar with the pre-harvest investment policies, and 98.18% of farmers believing that the tobacco leaf policies are publicly disclosed and announced in a timely manner, with an overall satisfaction rate of 86.01%. However, there is still room for improvement. To increase the efficacy of subsidy and support policies, it is essential to enhance policy content, develop new macro-regulation approaches, improve implementation efficiency, and establish a robust performance management system.