Abstract: Considering long winter fallow duration in tobacco growing area in Henan province, we used two protective cropping system (1. barley was planted after deep- plough to subsoil in late September, then deep tillage to bury barley before flue-cured tobacco planted at March next spring;
2. barley was planted on the ridge after deep- plough to subsoil in autumn, then herbicide was sprayed to kill barley in next spring, and flue-cured tobacco was planted with non-tillage) and control (3. ploughing to subsoil in spring before flue-cured tobacco planted) to study effects of these two protective tillage modes on flue-cured tobacco. The results indicated that tobacco yield and value of two protective tillage modes increased 20.8％, 26.8％and 27.1％, 29.8％, respectively. Chemical composition in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco was more harmonious. The incidence rate and disease index of tobacco mosaic, phytophthora nicotianae and brown spot decreased. Compared with control, the soil of two protective tillage modes had higher temperature and moisture at the earlier stage of tobacco, significant effects were found especially at the fast-growing stage. Thus better soil environment were offered for flue-cured tobacco growth.