Abstract: The research of microorganism in tobacco-planting soil was summarized, including ecofaunas, impacts of agricultural practices, and development of functional microorganism. Numerous yet not systematic research have been conducted on ecofaunas of tobacco planting soil, and most development of soil functional microorganim aimed to the screening of antagonistic microorganisms against tobacco diseases. Regarding the relatively lower volume of aroma and higher nitrogen level in tobacco leaves of China, more research at molecular biological level should be made on ecofaunas of microorganism in tobacco planting soil, screening of probiotics, for promoting the growth of tobacco plants and quality of tobacco leaves.