Abstract: Environmental conditions were analyzed and major problems were identified for the flue-cured tobacco production through the 2005~2006 tobacco base construction in southern Anhui. Countermeasures were suggested from the point of view of sustainable development, including forming a complete set of flue-cured tobacco and water facility, laying out basic tobacco fields and confirming basic tobacco-growing farmers, strengthening tobacco specialization, increasing investigation and exploitation strength about major techniques, stimulating tobacco planter’s enthusiasm, and establishing a tobacco technician procession of high accomplishment and strong sense of responsibility.