Abstract: To elucidate the distribution characteristics of microplastics in tobacco-growing soils within the Wulong tobacco-growing region of Chongqing Municipality, and to investigate the effects of microplastic residues on soil properties and flue-cured tobacco growth. This study investigated the abundance and morphological distribution of microplastics in the topsoil layer of tobacco-growing soils in Wulong, Chongqing; and evaluated the effects of adding microplastics at rates of 0% (CK, control), 0.1% (T1) and 1% (T2) on soil properties and flue-cured tobacco growth. Results indicated that the mean microplastic abundance in Wulong tobacco fields was 7.74×10² pieces/kg, with an average surface area of 10.82×10² mm²/kg. Film-type microplastics constituted the highest proportion (89.19%), while the 1-2 mm size fraction accounted for the largest area fraction (47.15%). Polyamide and polyethylene were the predominant components. Adding microplastics to tobacco-growing soil significantly increased total soil carbon content at 45 days post-transplanting. Treatment T2 markedly increased soil organic carbon content at both 45 and 75 days post-transplanting. T2 sustainably reduced soil total nitrogen content, resulting in a significantly higher C/N ratio than the control (CK) from 45 to 90 days post-transplanting. Microplastic addition inhibited soil sucrase activity at 60 days post-transplanting but significantly enhanced soil phosphatase activity. At 45 days post-transplanting, T1 and T2 soils exhibited significantly increased urease activity compared to CK, by 224.10% and 155.42% respectively. Between 45 and 60 days post-transplanting, T2 significantly promoted increases in plant height growth and accumulation of root and total dry mass. In contrast, at 90 days, it significantly inhibited tobacco plant height, leaf number growth, and accumulation of stem, leaf, and total dry mass.