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      贝莱斯芽孢杆菌D-3A可湿性粉剂研制及对烟草青枯病的防效

      Development of Wettable Powder of Bacillus velezensis D-3A and Its Control Efficacy against Tobacco Bacterial Wilt

      • 摘要: 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌D-3A是一株优良的生防菌株,为对其进行更好的利用,开展了可湿性粉剂的制备。采用单因素试验法筛选出对D-3A活性影响最小的载体和助剂及其复配比例;并通过大田试验明确D-3A可湿性粉剂对烟草青枯病的防治效果。筛选确定D-3A可湿性粉剂的配方及配比为:以高岭土为载体的母粉85%,吐温80 4.8%,聚乙二醇7.2%,羧甲基纤维素钠2%,山梨醇1%;所得制剂活菌数为1.37×1010 cfu/g,细度96%,润湿时间14.49 s,悬浮率95.48%,干燥减量2.67%,pH 7.52,杂菌率为0%,各项指标均符合国家标准。连续储藏试验结果表明:储藏180 d,4 ℃下芽孢存活率为85.85%,25 ℃下芽孢存活率为79.30%。大田试验结果表明,D-3A可湿性粉剂处理后第7天和第14天的防效分别为50.98%和53.64%。贝莱斯芽孢杆菌D-3A可湿性粉剂对烟草青枯病具有一定防治效果,具有较好发展前景。

         

        Abstract: Bacillus velezensis D-3A, an elite biocontrol strain, was studied for the purpose of optimizing its formulation into a wettable powder (WP) for better application and utilization. A single-factor experimental design was employed to identify the carrier, adjuvant, and their composite ratio that minimally impacted the activity of B. velezensis D-3A. Field trials were conducted to assess the efficacy of the formulated WP against tobacco bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. The optimal formulation and proportion of the B. velezensis D-3A WP were determined as follows: 85% kaolin as the carrier, 4.8% Tween 80, 7.2% polyethylene glycol, 2% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 1% sorbitol. The viable count of the preparation was 1.37×1010 cfu/g, fineness 96%, wetting time 14.49 s, suspension rate 95.48%, drying reduction 2.67%, a pH of 7.52, and impurity rate 0, all of which complied with national standards. The results of continuous storage experiments demonstrated that after 180 days of storage, the spore survival rate reached 85.85% at 4℃ and 79.30% at 25℃. Field trials demonstrated that the B. velezensis D-3A WP achieved disease control efficacies of 50.98% and 53.64% on the 7th and 14th days post-treatment, respectively. The B. velezensis D-3A WP exhibits promising efficacy against tobacco bacterial wilt, indicating its potential for further development and application.

         

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